This paper study the effects of different dilution of synthetically Sigma - Aldrich and naturally obtaining allyl isothiocyanate on caryopses germination ability and seedling growth of Triticum aestivum L. var. Marco Polo and Trublion. Allyl isothiocyanate is the main bioactive compound in aqueous extracts of metamorphosed horseradish roots. The germination ability of wheat caryopses was not significant modified to experimental variants in relation to the controls. The concentrations 0.02 % and 0.01 % Sigma-Aldrich allyl isothiocyanate significantly inhibited seedling growth of Marco Polo wheat variety. Instead, the 0.002 % and 0.001 % concentrations ensured their optimal growth. The Trublion wheat variety was less sensitive to the action of the allelopathic substance allyl isothiocyanate. Only the 0.02 % concentration caused significant inhibitions of seedling growth. The other concentrations taken in the study (0.01; 0.005; 0.002 and 0.001 %) significantly stimulated the growth in the length of the vegetative organs. In the Marco Polo wheat variety the concentration 20 % from the aqueous extract of horseradish determined significant inhibition in the seedling growth. The other dilutions 10 %, 5 % and 2 % significantly inhibited the growth of rootlets and coleoptiles showed statistically insignificant stimulations. Only the 1 % concentration caused insignificant inhibitions in root length growth and significant stimulations in coleoptile growth. The Trublion wheat variety was also shown to be more resistant to the action of aqueous horseradish extracts. The concentration 20 % determined significant inhibition in the growth in the length of embryonic and adventitious roots but not the significantly inhibitions of coleoptiles. The dilutions 10 % and 5 % determined significant inhibitions in the roots growth but coleoptiles were significantly stimulated. The 2 % concentration caused insignificant inhibitions in roots length growth and significant stimulations in coleoptiles growth. The last dilution of horseradish root aqueous extract 1 % were found to be beneficial because significant stimulated the growth of the plantlets.

Stored grain insects have revealed resistance to synthetic insecticides, a fact that has encouraged the use of medicinal plants for integrated pest control. Pistacia lentiscus is a plant from the Anacardiaceae family, very widespread in the Mediterranean region, and one of the most important medicinal plants in Algeria. This present study was undertaken to evaluate the potential of extracts of P. lentiscus from Algeria as sources of total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) contents, as well as the efficiency of the insecticidal effect of methanol extracts (MeOH) extracted from various parts of P. lentiscus against Sitophilus granarius (L.), by using ingestion and contact toxicity methods. Leaves extracts of P. lentiscus had depicted the highest concentration of TPC and of TFC (384.05 ± 8.21mg GAE/g; 165.60 ± 0,00 mg of RU/g of dry weight DW.), respectively. Furthermore, leaves extracts of P. lentiscus have demonstrated the greatest insecticidal result compared to other parts of the plant which is explained by the causing the mortality of adult S. grinarius with a value of 98.82 % and LC50 of 83.35 µg/L via a significant reduction in the number of individuals in a dose-dependent. P. lentiscus extracts have the potential to be an effective natural agent against stored-product insects and could be an alternative environmentally friendly bio-insecticide.

Since the mid-1990s, important legal and policy reforms have taken place in Mozambique that have created the conditions for community involvement in environmental management. This study aimed to characterize community participation in activities related to preservation and sustainable use of forest and wildlife resources in Mapulanguene, District of Magude, in southern Mozambique where creation of the local natural resources management committee in 2007 was preceded by a scenario of overuse of forest resources, and poaching. The study used a qualitative approach and participant observation techniques, focus groups, semi-structured interviews and content analysis. Results suggest positive appreciation of the natural resources management model through the Natural Resources Management Committees because it brings people from different social segments to discuss issues of their lives. However, the scope of achievements resulting from community participation is still insufficient because the communities have little control over the activities carried out by the private sector that develops ecotourism projects in the local and the private sector is not part of the Natural Resources Management Committees. It is recommended to review the natural resource management models through the involvement of all interested actors, and defining the role of each actor in the process.

Desertification is one of the main dangers that menace the arid and semi-arid regions. It is considered as one of the most important environmental problems of the 21st century. It is the result of a combination of direct and indirect factors; some of which are linked to the climate and anthropic activities. In fact, out of 238 million acres, 200 millions are located in Saharan zones, 20 million acres are in steppic zones (including the study region) with very fragile soil that is subject to the process of desertification, and almost 18 million acres are mountains, plains, and prays. This study is conducted to know the degree of the awareness of the inhabitants of the region of Khoubana regarding this serious phenomenon. It is a series of surveys with 151 informants, who had been chosen at random in Khoubana, M’cif, and El Houamed. Our findings show that the informants contributed positively to the surveys thanks to the importance of the topic.

Beta-carotene and lycopene are important carotenoids present in carrots (Daucus carota). In this study, a fast and efficient HPLC method was developed for the determination of beta-carotene and lycopene from Daucus carota. The method involved extraction of the carotenoids from the vegetable with acetone, followed by separation on a C30 column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile-methanolwater. The detection was carried out at 470 nm for beta-carotene and lycopene. The method was validated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, and sensitivity. The developed method was found to be sensitive, specific, and precise, with a limit of detection of 0.05 µg/mL for beta-carotene and lycopene. The highest concentration of beta-carotene content is found in the Atomic Red variety (8.5 mg/100g) and the lowest in the Purple Haze F1 hybrid (2.2 mg/100g). On the other hand, the content of lycopene in the tested samples ranged from 0.05 to 0.1 mg/100 g, with the highest content found in the Atomic Red variety and the lowest in the Danvers variety. The method was successfully applied to the determination of beta-carotene and lycopene in Daucus carota samples.

Medicinal plants, through their complex chemical composition, have therapeutic properties, they can act preventively or curatively in alleviating or even treating various ailments. Both mistletoe (Viscum album L.) and blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L) are medicinal plants rich in polyphenols, such as flavonoids, hydroxybenzoic acid, derivatives of hydroxycinnamic acids. In the present research, the bioactive compounds were firstly extracted from mistletoe leaves (Viscum album L.) harvested from acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and blueberry fruits (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) using ethanol as solvent in two concentrations (25 and 50 %) The total phenols content, respectively the antioxidant capacity recorded by the FRAP assay, were recorded from both of the individual hydroalcoholic extracts of mistletoe and blueberry and of the combined ones, mistletoe and blueberry. Mistletoe leaves and blueberry fruits contain a considerable amount of phenolic compounds, and our results suggested that their combination can lead to obtaining a functional beverage with a high antioxidant capacity with a beneficial effect on human health.

In addition to polluting the environment, improper disposal of agricultural wastes litters, a lot of valuable biomass resources. The study was carried out to analyze the utilization of rice husks among rural households in Shendam Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select 131 respondents. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, mean-score and logistic regression. The result revealed that the mean age of the respondents was 33 years. 72.1 % of the respondents were male while 27.9 % were female. The households sampled had an average family size of 4 members. The average annual income of the respondents was 35,927 Naira while the mean farm experience was 10 years. The result on environmental sanitation revealed that 95.3 % of households participated in environmental sanitation. The major perceived effect of rice husk utilization include the reduction in particulate pollutant emission, increased yield when used on the farm, source of employment through recycling and the increase in farm income. Age (ß = 0.960; p = 0.05), marital status (ß = -9.064; p =. 0.05), gender (ß = -3.459; p = 0.1), educational status (ß = 0.979; p = 0.05) and awareness (ß = 4.746; p =. 0.01) were major determinants of rice husk utilization respectively. Insufficient information about the proper use, deprivation of subsidy, lack of awareness, and cost of rice husk transformation were the major constraints to the utilization of rice husks in the study area. It was recommended that the extension agents and other relevant stakeholders should embark on enlightenment campaigns and training of milling households in the study area on how to adopt more efficient and environmentally friendly ways to improve the standard of living, through the use of innovative rice husk utilization by the households.

The study conducted on the population dynamics and the spatiotemporal distribution of the olive psyllid Euphyllura olivina on two olive groves, of the Chemlal variety, in the Kabylie Mountains, one is located in the wilaya of Bouira (Station Mchedallah) and the other in the wilaya of Tizi Ouzou (Station ITMAS Boukhalfa), revealed that the first numbers of the different biological stages appeared in February 2022. The first numbers of eggs of E. olivina, are recorded in mid-February 2022 for the station of Mchedallah, with a low number, while, for the station of Boukhalfa, the first numbers are recorded in mid-April 2022 and then progress to reach a peak of 56 eggs on May 22, 2022. The numbers of larvae, are high for the different larval stages of the psyllid, during the spring period of the year 2022 in both study stations. The high mortality rate is about 29.07% on the North direction, then the other directions the rates are close to 24% in the station of Mchedallah and in the station of Boukhalfa the South direction records the highest rate with 37.35% followed by the North direction with 32.53 %.

Conformation is widely related to many primary and secondary traits important in the breeding aims for beef cattle. In Hungary the breeding organisation of French beef breeds uses a scoring system for conformation next to taking body measures in farm performance tests for candidate bulls. We’ve analysed the relationship of self-performance test data of Limousin (n=260) and Blonde d’ Aquitaine (n=54) bulls - live weight, measured withers height, tail height and scored withers height, rump muscularity 1-2-3 – by dendrograms and correlations in order to determine how these records can be utilised in selection. Grouping the recorded traits showed that body measures and conformation scores are clearly separated. The significant correlation coefficients of withers height measured and scored were calculated (r=0.51, r=0.62) while correlations between measured withers height and rump muscularity scores were loose. Our results suggest, that both evaluations must remain within the selection criteria, and together could serve as a base for successful correcting mating and target mating.

In the Institute of Agrochemistry and Soil Science from Debrecen University of Hungary (UD) some microbiological characteristics of three different soil types, with different plant crops were examined during 2 years (2019-2020), in spring and autumn. Examined soil types were: (1.) Chernozems with corn (Triticum aestivum L.); (2) Arenosols, with fruit (Prunus cerasus L.) and (3) Solonetz with grassland. The highest number of total soil bacteria was found in Chernozem soil under wheat crop (13.20*106 g -1 ), the highest quantity of microbial fungi (9.93*103 g -1 ), and dehydrogenase activity (240.32 µg INTF g-1 soil 2 h-1 ) was found in Solonetz soil, which is an uncultivated soil (pasture). One of the main parameters of the soil biological characteristics is the CO2 production of the soils, which was the highest on the Chernozem soil and the lower on the Humus of sandy soil. During the correlation tests, the most close correlation was demonstrated between the parameters of the Solonetz soil (dehydrogenase enzyme – number of microscopic fungi; r = 0.909; 0.955; total bacterial number - soil respiration; r = 0.830; 0.885). Medium and close correlation were found between the soil moisture content and the total number of bacteria in case of Solonetz and Chernozem soils. Regarding the seasonality, higher abundance of total bacteria was measured in spring and in autumn, moreover the number of fungi, dehydrogenase activity and CO2 production were higher in the soils. Based on the measured microbial properties of the soil, this study proved that the biological activity of the soil remained more intense in the Solonetz soil. This is due to the fact that it is located on a natural pasture, undisturbed by agricultural works, which are specific to arable and horticultural crops.

In order to determine the agroecological quality of arable land, it is necessary to analyse a whole set of agroecological functions, and in the end this set will be different for the conditions of each region, field and even of a small examined plot. For this, an analysis of the diagnostic indicators of these agroecological functions is carried out, including the integral and partial indicators of the biotic, chemical or physical parameters of the studied lands: humus content, biogenic elements (if necessary), soil composition and their structural state in general, the phytosanitary status of crops, etc. The relevance of the research foresees the approach and evaluation of the land fund, regarding the condition of the lands in the village of Nihoreni, which would imply a sustainable development of all the objects of the natural environment in the area. The optimization of the natural environment boils down to finding a balanced relationship between the exploitation of ecosystems (rational use of natural resources), their protection and improvement. Since the human agricultural activity in the locality is carried out within the limits of the natural formations – landscape, transformed in the process of use as an agricultural landscape, the latter become an object of protection at the moment. The purpose of the study consists in the agroecological substantiation of a set of measures for the protection of agricultural lands in the town of Nihoreni. For the development and adaptation of agricultural systems of an adaptive landscape, an adequate system of agroecological land evaluation is necessary. We note that it differs significantly from the traditional land evaluation system practiced in land management. The productivity of agricultural crops is determined by the degree to which the climatic conditions correspond to the biological characteristics of the crops and the agrotechnics of their cultivation. The highest yield is obtained with the maximum use of climatic resources by the plant. It was found that the agroecological assessment of crop yield conditions remains an important challenge facing agriculture both nationally and internationally.

The actuel challenges focuses on the enhancement of resources and biodiversity for the Algerian flora, It primoedial to give more of interest to the endemic species, wich remain rarely explored despite the fact they face the imminent risk of extinction. In this study, we aimed to characteris the phytochemical and pharmacological of the volatile fraction of the Salvia chudaei Batt and Trab aerial pieces. This is an endemic species of central Sahara. To the best knowledge of the authors, our study is aismong the first to study such species. Essential oil extraction was performed by hydro distillation accompanied by chromatographic CG/MS study. The antioxidant strength of this essential oil was determined by the DPPH Test (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl); FRAP Test (Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma) and peroxidation of linoleic acid test. The antimicrobial activity was processed by method of diffusion in solid media and the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration. It was tested on 12 bacterial strains (Gram, Gram +), two yeasts and two fungal strains. The main results obtained by CG/MS analysis counts a total of 26 compounds which isobornyl acetate, alpha pinen, elemol and trans-caryophyllene are described as majore elements. The essential oil demonstrated a notable inhibition of the growth of Gram + tested bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococus faecalis and Sarcina lutea. The minimum CMI inhibitors found varying from 0.5 to 2.5 mg. Interestingly, the essential oil didn’t shown any significant action on Gram- bacteria. The analysis of the antioxidant power revealed a strong anti-radical potential (IC50 = 932.1 µg/ml), high peroxide inhibition (91.7 %) and modest reductive power (59.96 %). The results indicated that essential oil of Salvia chudaei has a significant potential as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent applicable in the pharmaceutical and agri-food fields.